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1 ὀρφανός
ὀρφανός, ή, όν (cp. Lat. orbus, ‘bereft (of)’; in var. senses relating to loss of a relationship Hom. et al.)① pert. to being deprived of parents, without parents, orphan (so Hom.+; ins [New Docs 4, 162–64, w. texts relating to loss of only one parent], pap, LXX; JosAs 12:11 [freq. cod. A: p. 53, 16; 55, 15 Bat.]; Philo; Jos., Ant. 18, 314 al.), used so in our lit. only as a subst. (as Pla., Leg. 6, 766c; 11, 926c, al.; pap, LXX, TestJob, Ar., Just., Tat.) in sing. and pl. orphan(s), mostly grouped w. χήρα (or χῆραι) as typically in need of protection (Liban., Or. 62 p. 379, 2 F. χήρας οἰκτείρων, ὀρφανοὺς ἐλεῶν; PCairMasp 6 recto, 2; 2 Macc 3:10; Just., A I, 67, 6; freq. in the LXX, but more commonly in the sing. fr. Ex 22:22 on, πᾶσαν χήραν κ. ὀρφανόν) ἐπισκέπτεσθαι ὀρφανοὺς καὶ χήρας Js 1:27; Hs 1:8. διαρπάζειν χηρῶν καὶ ὀρφανῶν τὴν ζωήν rob widows and orphans of their living 9, 26, 2. κατεσθίειν τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν καὶ ὀρφανῶν Mk 12:40 v.l.; νουθετεῖν τὰς χήρας καὶ τοὺς ὀρ. instruct the widows and orphans Hv 2, 4, 3. W. χῆραι and ὑστερούμενοι m 8:10; in the sing. Hs 5, 3, 7. W. χήρα and πένης Pol 6:1. W. χήρα and others in need of help ISm 6:2. Collectively κρίνειν ὀρφανῷ see to it that justice is done (to) the orphan 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:17). χήρᾳ καὶ ὀρφανῷ προσέχειν be concerned about (the) widow and orphan 20:2.② pert. to being without the aid and comfort of one who serves as associate and friend, orphaned, fig. ext. of 1: Jesus says to his disciples that upon his departure οὐκ ἀφήσω ὑμᾶς ὀρφανούς I will not leave you orphaned (or [as] orphans) J 14:18 (for this usage s. Pla., Phd. 65, 116a, where the feelings of Socrates’ friends are described thus: ἀτεχνῶς ἡγούμενοι ὥσπερ πατρὸς στερηθέντες διάξειν ὀρφανοὶ τὸν ἔπειτα βίον =‘thinking that we would have to spend the rest of our lives just like children deprived of their father’. Sim. the followers of Peregrinus in Lucian, Peregr. 6. Cp. Epict. 3, 24, 14; 15).—B. 130. RE VI/1, 224–25. DELG. M-M. TW.
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